Definition

1. Adverb (informal):
   • In a rash, careless, or thoughtless manner: Describes doing something hastily without proper consideration, attention, or order.
   • In a sloppy, messy, or untidy way: Describes a state or action characterized by disorder and lack of neatness.

Usage Examples

• As an adverb:
  • Anh ấy làm việc gì cũng bừa phứa, không cẩn thận. (He does everything in a sloppy/careless manner, not carefully.)
  • Đừng có nói bừa phứa như thế! (Don't speak so rashly/thoughtlessly like that!)
  • Căn phòng bị bỏ hoang trông rất bừa phứa. (The abandoned room looks very messy and disorderly.)

Advanced Usage

• Often used to criticize actions, speech, or states that lack discipline, precision, or forethought.
  • Lái xe bừa phứa rất dễ gây tai nạn. (Driving recklessly is very prone to causing accidents.)
• Can describe a person's characteristic behavior.
  • Tính nó bừa phứa lắm, đừng trông chờ sự gọn gàng. (He has a very sloppy nature, don't expect tidiness.)

Variants and Related Words

• Bừa bãi (adv/adj): Similar meaning of being messy, disorderly, or done without care. Often used interchangeably with "bừa phứa" but can sound slightly less informal.
  • Sách vở vứt bừa bãi trên sàn. (Books and papers were thrown in a mess on the floor.)
• Cẩu thả (adj): Sloppy, negligent, perfunctory. Focuses more on a lack of conscientiousness.
  • Anh ta viết báo cáo một cách cẩu thả. (He wrote the report in a sloppy/perfunctory way.)

Synonyms

• Ẩu (adv, informal): Rashly, carelessly. (e.g., Làm ẩu cho xong việc. - Doing it carelessly just to finish the job.)
• Lôi thôi (adj/adv): Messy, troublesome, sloppily. (e.g., Công việc tiến hành lôi thôi. - The work is proceeding in a messy/sloppy way.)

Related Phrases (Collocations)

• Hành động bừa phứa: To act rashly/thoughtlessly.
  • Chính sự hành động bừa phứa của anh ta đã gây ra hậu quả. (It was his rash action that caused the consequence.)
• Nói năng bừa phứa: To speak recklessly/without thinking.
  • Cô ấy nói năng bừa phứa mà chẳng biết ngượng. (She speaks thoughtlessly without any shame.)

Related Idioms

• Ăn nói bừa phứa: To speak in a crude, careless, or indiscreet manner.
  • Một người lịch sự không bao giờ ăn nói bừa phứa. (A polite person never speaks in a crude and careless manner.)

khẩu ngữ

1. Rash, rashly (nói khái quát)